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The idiom "put the brakes on" means to stop or slow down something, especially suddenly or forcefully. It can also mean to restrain oneself, be cautious, or avoid taking action until more information is available.
The idiom "put the brakes on" is believed to originate from the early days of automobiles. When cars first became popular, they did not have reliable braking systems, and drivers had to use their foot or hand to slow down the car. This could be dangerous if the driver suddenly had to stop quickly, so they would "put the brakes on" by slamming on the brake pedal or using a lever to activate the brakes. Over time, the idiom evolved to mean stopping or slowing down something more metaphorically. It has been used in literature and popular culture since at least the 1930s.